维基百科

In object-oriented programming, the decorator pattern is a design pattern that allows behavior to be added to an individual object, dynamically, without affecting the behavior of other objects from the same class.[1] The decorator pattern is often useful for adhering to the Single Responsibility Principle, as it allows functionality to be divided between classes with unique areas of concern[2] as well as to the Open-Closed Principle, by allowing the functionality of a class to be extended without being modified.[3] Decorator use can be more efficient than subclassing, because an object's behavior can be augmented without defining an entirely new object. 【在面向对象编程中，装饰器模式是一种设计模式，允许动态地将行为添加到单个对象，而不影响同一类中其他对象的行为。 装饰器模式通常对于遵守单一职责原则很有用，因为它允许在具有独特关注领域的类之间划分功能，并且通过允许类的功能被 扩展而不修改。装饰器的使用比子类化更有效，因为无需定义全新的对象即可增强对象的行为。】